UNIMO Technology UDR-204 Manual de instrucciones

Document Revision History: MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Revision Date Section(s) Affected Reference Approval B 3-09-04 All. N/A C. Kowalski4.31ce

10 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.11.3 Head does not engage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationLaser Alignment80 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BEtched Silicon Tips (TappingMode)1. In this procedure, shin

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationLaser AlignmentRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 818. Verify the laser spot by placing a piece of paper in fro

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationLaser Alignment82 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B5. If the laser is positioned between a pair of legs of one

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationLaser AlignmentRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 835.2.3 Maximize the SUM SignalThis section describes what to

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationStart the Microscope Program84 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B5.3 Start the Microscope ProgramAfter any nece

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationMultiMode SPM Voltage MetersRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 853. Select the scanner you plan to use (Edit &g

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationMultiMode SPM Voltage Meters86 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B The bottom digital meter 2 reads differences

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 87Chapter 6 Contact AFM ModeThis chapter covers procedures for operating the MultiMode SPM in Contact AFM Mo

Contact AFM ModePreparation Prior to Imaging88 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Scan size and Scan rate: Section 6.5.3• Setpoint: Section 6.5.

Contact AFM ModePreparation Prior to ImagingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 89Figure 6.1b Laser Adjustment Knobs—Top View6.1.2 Signal Settin

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 11/(12 Blank)

Contact AFM ModePreparation Prior to Imaging90 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B6.1.3 Adjust tip height above sample surfaceNext, use the adjust

Contact AFM ModeSuggested Initial Control SettingsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 916.2 Suggested Initial Control Settings6.2.1 Show All Items

Contact AFM ModeSuggested Initial Control Settings92 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B6.2.2 Initial Scan Parameter SettingsBefore making changes

Contact AFM ModeSuggested Initial Control SettingsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 93Interleave Controls PanelIf it is not already present, ope

Contact AFM ModeSuggested Initial Control Settings94 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFeedback Controls Panel1. Next, select Panels > Feedbac

Contact AFM ModeInitiate the Engage CommandRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 956.3 Initiate the Engage CommandSelect Motor > Engage (or click

Contact AFM ModeInitiate the Engage Command96 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BWhat is happening?The piezo is being retracted from the Z scan st

Contact AFM ModeInitiate the Engage CommandRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 97Now adjust the Setpoint for imaging. Having the setpoint anywhere

Contact AFM ModeBeyond the Basics of AFM Operation98 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B6.3.2 Adjust Sensitivity (if required)If imaging in Deflect

Contact AFM ModeOptimization of Scanning ParametersRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 99type silicon nitride probes which are used in some older,

Contact AFM ModeOptimization of Scanning Parameters100 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Bthe height of the sample. Deflection data should be colle

Contact AFM ModeOptimization of Scanning ParametersRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 101/(100 Blank)6.5.4 SetpointThe Setpoint parameter defines

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 103Chapter 7 TappingMode AFMThis chapter covers procedures for operating the MultiMode SPM using TappingMode

TappingMode AFMBasic Principle of TappingMode104 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B7.1 Basic Principle of TappingModeFigure 7.1a represents a can

TappingMode AFMPreparation Prior to ImagingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1057.2 Preparation Prior to Imaging7.2.1 Switch to TappingModeThe m

TappingMode AFMPreparation Prior to Imaging106 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B3. Click the “minus box” in the upper left corner of the panel

TappingMode AFMPreparation Prior to ImagingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1077.2.4 Adjust Laser and PhotodetectorVerify that the tipholder ha

TappingMode AFMPreparation Prior to Imaging108 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 7.2d Voltage meters on the MultiMode base reveal a grea

TappingMode AFMPreparation Prior to ImagingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1097.2.5 Additional preparationsIn TappingMode, the RMS amplitude r

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 13List of FiguresChapter 1 Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPM . . . . . . . . .1Figure 1.1a

TappingMode AFMPreparation Prior to Imaging110 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 7.2e Cantilever Tune PanelsThe Frequency Sweep (a plot

TappingMode AFMPreparation Prior to ImagingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 111Tuning cantilevers manuallyThe parameter values, especially the

TappingMode AFMPreparation Prior to Imaging112 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B2. If a peak in the frequency response plot does not appear, per

TappingMode AFMEngaging The MicroscopeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 113actual setpoint value adjusted by the user prior to engage is meaning

TappingMode AFMEngaging The Microscope114 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 7.3b Suggested Other Controls Settings During TappingMode Se

TappingMode AFMWithdrawing the TipRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1157.4 Withdrawing the TipSelect Withdraw from the Motor menu. The SPM will

TappingMode AFMBeyond Basics with Resonating Techniques116 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BAt Setpoint 1 the operating point is only slightly l

TappingMode AFMBeyond Basics with Resonating TechniquesRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 117Figure 7.5c Scope trace with Correct Scan Rate7.5.

TappingMode AFMBeyond Basics with Resonating Techniques118 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B7.5.3 Optimization of Scanning ParametersCareful sel

TappingMode AFMBeyond Basics with Resonating TechniquesRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 119/(118 Blank)Scan Size, Scan Rate, and SetpointAs dis

List of Figures14 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BChapter 4 Cantilever Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 121Chapter 8 Fluid OperationThis chapter addresses scanning probe microscope (SPM) imaging of samples in flui

Fluid Operation122 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Poor Image Quality: Section 8.4.3• Lost Particulate Samples: Attracted to Cantilever: Sect

Fluid OperationIntroductionRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1238.1 IntroductionImaging of samples in fluid is a growing application of AFM techn

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid Operation124 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 8.2a Fluid CellsThere are two fluid cells that are commonly u

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 125The male Luer fittings can be inserted into the fluid ports on the fron

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid Operation126 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B8.2.3 Remove Organic Contamination from the TipContaminants on the ti

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 127Figure 8.2b Load Probe into Fluid Cell8.2.5 Sample MountingSecure a

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid Operation128 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B1. Install the protective O-ring into the fluid cell. Insert the O-ri

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 129Note: To minimize the risk of fluid leakage, introduce fluid to the flui

List of FiguresRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 15Chapter 7 TappingMode AFM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid Operation130 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 8.2d Stainless Steel Sample Puck with Teflon CoverYou may loa

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 131Figure 8.2f Imaging a Sample Covered by a Drop of Fluid2. Complete

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid Operation132 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B8.2.7 Adjust the Detector Offsets and Setpoint (Contact Mode)Adjust t

Fluid OperationGeneral Fluid OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1332. To avoid sample damage, reduce the Deflection Setpoint as low as p

Fluid OperationTappingMode in Fluids134 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B8.3 TappingMode in FluidsOperation of TappingMode in fluid provides the

Fluid OperationTappingMode in FluidsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 135Figure 8.3a A 100µm, Narrow-legged, Si3N4 Cantilever Fluid Tune Curve

Fluid OperationTappingMode in Fluids136 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Adjust and optimize these settings for each imaging condition and sam

Fluid OperationTappingMode in FluidsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 137Note: The slope of the Force Cal curve during probe interaction with t

Fluid OperationTroubleshooting Tips138 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B8.4 Troubleshooting Tips8.4.1 Cantilever Tune Plot Looks Poor: Loose Pro

Fluid OperationTroubleshooting TipsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 139b. While the tip is kept in gentle contact with the substrate surface, a

List of Figures16 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 9.5c STM current image of layered crystal a-RuCl3.Scan size = 4.48nm, Itun = 1.5pA, V

Fluid OperationTroubleshooting Tips140 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Blateral stress. This also forms a fluid-tight seal between the O-ring and

Fluid OperationGeneral Notes on Sample BindingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1418.5 General Notes on Sample BindingSamples for AFM imaging sh

Fluid OperationLysozyme on Mica—A Model Procedure for Protein Binding142 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B8.6 Lysozyme on Mica—A Model Procedure

Fluid OperationLysozyme on Mica—A Model Procedure for Protein BindingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 143• TappingMode Fluid Cell, Model MMTFC•

Fluid OperationLysozyme on Mica—A Model Procedure for Protein Binding144 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B9. After the fluid cell has been flush

Fluid OperationBinding DNA to MicaRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1458.7 Binding DNA to Mica8.7.1 DNA Binding TheoryDNA and mica are both nega

Fluid OperationBinding DNA to Mica146 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B1. Obtain the required materials:• Mica substrates• DNA: BlueScript II SK

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 147Chapter 9 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)STM relies on “tunneling current” between the probe and the

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)STM Introduction148 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Low-Current STM: Section 9.5• Description: Section 9.5

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)STM IntroductionRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1499.1.2 STM HardwareSome individual STM components are des

List of FiguresRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 17Chapter 13 Magnetic Force (MFM) Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)STM Introduction150 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B9.1.3 Sample SurfaceSamples to be imaged with a scanning

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Basic STM OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1519.2 Basic STM Operation9.2.1 System SetupThis section

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Basic STM Operation152 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BSet Initial Scan Parameters1. “Show All Items”: Befor

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Spectroscopy with the STMRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1532. Prior to engaging the microscope it is neces

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Spectroscopy with the STM154 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B9.3.2 Operation of STSIn the following sections

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Troubleshooting for STMRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1559.4 Troubleshooting for STMThis section addresses

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Low-Current STM156 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B9.5 Low-Current STMThe following sections provide detaile

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Low-Current STMRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1579.5.2 Hardware DescriptionThe Low Current STM head, which

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Low-Current STM158 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B3. Good grounding is essential for low-noise performance.

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Low-Current STMRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 159MultiMode SPMIMPORTANT! If you are installing on a MultiM

List of Figures18 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 14.3k Jumper configuration for applying external voltage to sample (for systems with t

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Low-Current STM160 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B9.5.5 OperationThe operation of the low-current STM head

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Low-Current STMRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 161Figure 9.5b STM current and height images of HOPG surfa

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Low-Current STM162 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 9.5d STM height image of alkanethiol layer on Au

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Low-Current STMRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 1632. Use the 0.050" allen wrench, included in the conv

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Etching Tungsten Tips164 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B6. Verify that each of the op-amp’s wire leads is p

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)Etching Tungsten TipsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 165/(166 Blank)9.6.1 Procedure1. Mix a 5% (by weight)

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 167Chapter 10 Lateral Force ModeThe MultiMode SPM is capable of measuring frictional forces on the surfaces o

Lateral Force ModeBasic LFM Operation168 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B10.1 Basic LFM Operation1. Set up and run the system in Contact mode a

Lateral Force ModeAdvanced LFM OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 16910.2 Advanced LFM Operation10.2.1 Scan DirectionThe cantilever is

List of FiguresRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 19/(20 Blank)Figure 15.12b Rings During High Frequency Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Lateral Force ModeAdvanced LFM Operation170 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B10.2.2 Tip selectionThe analog-to-digital converter on the auxilia

Lateral Force ModeAdvanced LFM OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 171Table 10.2a Key for LFM Example Above10.2.4 Understanding the Co

Lateral Force ModeAdvanced LFM Operation172 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B10.2.5 Using TMR Voltage to Measure FrictionThe signal called TMR

Lateral Force ModeAdvanced LFM OperationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 173/(174 Blank)10.2.7 Height Artifacts in the SignalLFM is subject to

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 175Chapter 11 Force ImagingForce plots are used to measure tip-sample interactions and determine optimal setp

Force Imaging176 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Force Calibration (TappingMode): Section 11.5• Force Plots: Section 11.5.1• Obtaining a Forc

Force ImagingForce Plots–An AnalogyRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 17711.1 Force Plots–An AnalogyA force plot is an observation of tip-sample

Force ImagingForce Calibration Mode178 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFirst, magnet #1 is weaker, attaching to the steel plate with 7N of pull

Force ImagingForce Calibration ModeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 179As a result of the applied voltage, the sample moves up and down as show

Notices: The information in this document is subject to change without notice. NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND IS MADE WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDI

Force ImagingForce Calibration Mode180 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.2.1 Example Force PlotFigure 11.2c Tip-Sample Interaction During a

Force ImagingForce Calibration ModeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 181Controls panel defines the rate at which the piezo completes an extension

Force ImagingForce Calibration Mode182 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BThe cantilever’s deflection is plotted on the vertical axis of the graph:

Force ImagingForce Calibration Control Panels and MenusRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 18311.3 Force Calibration Control Panels and MenusThe F

Force ImagingForce Calibration Control Panels and Menus184 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.3.1 Main Controls (Ramp Controls)Ramp Channel (Ad

Force ImagingForce Calibration Control Panels and MenusRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 185Number of SamplesThis parameter defines the number of

Force ImagingForce Calibration Control Panels and Menus186 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.3.3 Channel 1, 2, 3 PanelsData TypeThis parameter

Force ImagingForce Calibration Control Panels and MenusRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 18711.3.4 Feedback Controls PanelAll of the parameters

Force ImagingForce Calibration Control Panels and Menus188 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.3.5 Scan Mode Panel (Advanced Mode Only)Trigger M

Force ImagingForce Calibration Control Panels and MenusRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 189Trigger ThresholdThis parameter as well as the Trigg

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Installation Manual 1Chapter 1 Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMThe following sections are covered in this

Force ImagingForce Calibration Control Panels and Menus190 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BRamp DelayThis parameter sets the amount of time to

Force ImagingForce Calibration (Contact Mode AFM)Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 191MotorThe Motor menu allows you to withdraw or manually con

Force ImagingForce Calibration (Contact Mode AFM)192 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B3. In the Channel 1 panel select Deflection as the Data Ty

Force ImagingForce Calibration (Contact Mode AFM)Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 193Figure 11.4b False Engagement (G Scanner)Motor ControlMo

Force ImagingForce Calibration (Contact Mode AFM)194 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.4.3 Advanced TechniquesSensitivity DeterminationThe Defl

Force ImagingForce Calibration (Contact Mode AFM)Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 195Note: Deflection Sensitivity can be expressed in terms of t

Force ImagingForce Calibration (Contact Mode AFM)196 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BCalculating Contact ForceThe force curve clearly shows the

Force ImagingForce Calibration (Contact Mode AFM)Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 197Force calculations are not as straightforward on images ca

Force ImagingForce Calibration (Contact Mode AFM)198 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.4.4 Interpreting Force CurvesAn examination of force cu

Force ImagingForce Calibration (TappingMode)Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 19911.5 Force Calibration (TappingMode)Force Mode allows the imagi

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMIntroduction2 MultiMode SPM Installation Manual Rev. B1.1 IntroductionThe MultiMode scanning prob

Force ImagingForce Calibration (TappingMode)200 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 11.5a Piezo Extension Versus RMS Amplitude and Deflecti

Force ImagingForce Calibration (TappingMode)Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 201When the piezo turns around and begins to retract, the oscillat

Force ImagingForce Calibration (TappingMode)202 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B5. Set the Main Controls and Channel 1 panel parameters to the

Force ImagingForce Calibration (TappingMode)Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 20311.5.3 High Contact ForceFigure 11.5c shows a curve produced wh

Force ImagingForce Modulation204 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.6 Force Modulation11.6.1 IntroductionThis section describes the operation o

Force ImagingForce ModulationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 20511.6.2 Selecting a Force Modulation TipThe key consideration when selecting a

Force ImagingForce Modulation206 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.6.3 Operating PrincipleForce modulation mode is very similar to Contact Mod

Force ImagingForce ModulationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 2078. Find the Bimorph Resonant Frequency: The cantilever is oscillated by a smal

Force ImagingForce Modulation208 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 11.6d Typical Frequency Sweep PlotNote: The large drive amplitude is

Force ImagingForce ModulationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 209n. Adjust the Drive amplitude so the maximum response amplitude is about 1V. R

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMIntroductionRev. B MultiMode SPM Installation Manual 3Figure 1.1a MultiMode SPM System Componen

Force ImagingForce Modulation210 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B14. Adjust the Integral Gain, Proportional Gain, Setpoint, and Scan Speed to o

Force ImagingForce ModulationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 2115. The value of the Drive amplitude may also affect the Contact Mode AFM image

Force ImagingForce Modulation212 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 11.6f Friction on Force Modulation ImagesTip ShapeThe amount of inden

Force ImagingForce Modulation with ‘Negative LiftMode’Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 21311.7 Force Modulation with ‘Negative LiftMode’A new f

Force ImagingForce Modulation with ‘Negative LiftMode’214 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B11.7.2 Obtain a TappingMode ImageWhile negative LiftM

Force ImagingForce VolumeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 215/(216 Blank)Note: If the Lift scan height is too large, the interleave may be tapp

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 217Chapter 12 Interleave Scanning and LiftModeThe following sections are included in this chapter:• Preface:

Interleave Scanning and LiftModePreface: Interleave Scanning & LiftMode218 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B12.1 Preface: Interleave Scannin

Interleave Scanning and LiftModeInterleave Mode DescriptionRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 21912.2 Interleave Mode DescriptionEnabling Interle

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafety4 MultiMode SPM Installation Manual Rev. B1.2 Safety1.2.1 Six Rules of SafetyHere is a summ

Interleave Scanning and LiftModeLift Mode Description220 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B12.3 Lift Mode DescriptionWith the Interleave scan opt

Interleave Scanning and LiftModeOperation of Interleave Scanning / Lift ModeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 221Note that certain constraints a

Interleave Scanning and LiftModeUse of LiftMode with TappingMode222 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B12.5 Use of LiftMode with TappingModeThere

Interleave Scanning and LiftModeUse of LiftMode with TappingModeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 22312.5.3 Interleave Drive Amplitude and Frequ

Interleave Scanning and LiftModeUse of LiftMode with TappingMode224 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B12.5.5 Cantilever Oscillation AmplitudeThe

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 225Chapter 13 Magnetic Force (MFM) Imaging This chapter describes how to perform Magnetic Force Microscopy (M

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingMagnetic Force Imaging Theory226 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B13.1 Magnetic Force Imaging TheoryMFM imaging util

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingMFM Using Interleave Scanning and LiftModeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 227Figure 13.1b Basic Extender for Nan

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingMFM Using Interleave Scanning and LiftMode228 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Bfor all TappingMode-capable microscop

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingMFM Using Interleave Scanning and LiftModeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 229To correctly track the cantilever pha

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafetyRev. B MultiMode SPM Installation Manual 5Check all connections before hardwiring external

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingMFM Using Interleave Scanning and LiftMode230 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 13.2c Cantilever Tune for Am

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingMFM Using Interleave Scanning and LiftModeRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 2319. Engage the AFM and make the necess

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingInstallation of the Extender Electronics Modules232 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B13.2.2 Frequency ModulationWith

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingInstallation of the Extender Electronics ModulesRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 233Important Points• Extender-comp

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingSoftware Setup Configuration (Basic, Quadrex or NSIV)234 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B13.4 Software Setup Configur

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingAdvanced TopicsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 23513.5.2 Saturation in Amplitude DetectionIf using amplitude detec

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingAdvanced Topics236 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Bis usually not beneficial to use Lift scan heights much smaller t

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingAdvanced TopicsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 237In LiftMode, the Interleave Drive Amplitude can often be set to

Magnetic Force (MFM) ImagingAdvanced Topics238 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BSetpointFor the most reproducible results, it is best to use a c

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 239Chapter 14 Electric Force (EFM) ImagingThe following sections are included in this chapter:• Electric Forc

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafety6 MultiMode SPM Installation Manual Rev. B1.2.3 Safety PrecautionsBecause the MultiMode SPM

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Force Microscopy Overview240 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B14.1 Electric Force Microscopy OverviewNote:

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Force Microscopy OverviewRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 241Figure 14.1b EFM LiftMode principlesFigure

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Theory242 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B14.1.2 Surface Potential Imaging Overvi

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—TheoryRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 243All of the above methods rely on the ch

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Preparation244 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B14.3 Electric Field Gradient Detec

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—PreparationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 245Figure 14.3a Diagram of MultiMod

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Preparation246 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B14.3.1 Jumper Configurations for sy

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—PreparationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 247Figure 14.3c Jumper configuration

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Preparation248 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BVoltage Applied to the SampleThe j

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—PreparationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 249External Voltage Source Applied to

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafetyRev. B MultiMode SPM Installation Manual 7CAUTION: Please contact Veeco before attempting t

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Preparation250 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BExternal Voltage Source Applied to

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—PreparationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 25114.3.2 Jumper Configurations for sy

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Preparation252 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BVoltage Applied to the TipNotice t

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—PreparationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 253Voltage Applied to the SampleThe j

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Preparation254 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BExternal Voltage Source Applied to

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—PreparationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 255External Voltage Source Applied to

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Procedures256 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B14.4 Electric Field Gradient Detect

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—ProceduresRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 2573. Mount a metal-coated NanoProbe c

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Procedures258 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 14.4c Shift in Phase at Fi

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—ProceduresRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 259• Adjust the sample or tip voltage

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafety8 MultiMode SPM Installation Manual Rev. BWARNING: The MultiMode SPM contains a diode laser

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingElectric Field Gradient Detection—Procedures260 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Set the Drive frequency to the le

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Detection—TheoryRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 26114.5 Surface Potential Detection—TheoryNote:

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Detection—Theory262 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 14.5a Simplified Block Diagram of Bas

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Detection—PreparationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 26314.6 Surface Potential Detection—Prepara

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Detection—Preparation264 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B14.6.1 Applying Voltage to the Sample Di

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Imaging—ProcedureRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 265A current-limiting resistor (e.g., 10–100MΩ)

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Imaging—Procedure266 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BTable 14.7a Basic Extender Module toggle s

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Imaging—ProcedureRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 267/(270 Blank)7. Select the Interleave Control

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Imaging—Procedure268 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B13. Optimize the lift heights. Set the Lift

Electric Force (EFM) ImagingSurface Potential Imaging—ProcedureRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 269/(270 Blank)14.7.1 Troubleshooting the Surfa

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafetyRev. B MultiMode SPM Installation Manual 9WARNING: The MultiMode SPM uses a halogen lamp to

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 271Chapter 15 Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyThis chapter provides detailed instructio

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and Warranty272 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• X-Y Calibration using Capture Calibration and Autoc

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 273• Contact AFM Troubleshooting: Section 15.11• False e

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and Warranty274 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Adjustment Screw Maintenance Procedure: Section 15.

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantySPM Calibration OverviewRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 27515.1 SPM Calibration Overview

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantySPM Calibration Overview276 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BVeeco recommends that you adh

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantySPM Calibration OverviewRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 277Figure 15.1a Scanner Crysta

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantySPM Calibration Overview278 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BConsider the sensitivity curv

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantySPM Calibration OverviewRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 279Through rigorous quality cont

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 3 Ta ble of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPM 1 1.1 Introduction . .

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafety10 MultiMode SPM Installation Manual Rev. BMicroscopeTo avoid operator injury and equipment

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantySPM Calibration Overview280 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.1.2 Calibration References

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibration SetupRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 28115.2 Calibration Setup15.2.1 Check S

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibration Setup282 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.2.3 Set Realtime ParametersSet pa

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCheck Sample OrthogonalityRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 28315.3 Check Sample Orthogona

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyLinearity Correction Procedure284 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B3. Click OK to exit the

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyLinearity Correction ProcedureRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 285Adjust Fast Mag01. Afte

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyLinearity Correction Procedure286 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BAdjusting Fast Arg1. On

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyLinearity Correction ProcedureRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 2875. If the features of t

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyLinearity Correction Procedure288 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B4. On the display monit

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyX-Y Calibration using Capture Calibration and AutocalibrationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Ma

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafetyRev. B MultiMode SPM Installation Manual 11WARNING: Do not attempt repairs on electrical co

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyX-Y Calibration using Capture Calibration and Autocalibration290 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manua

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyX-Y Calibration using Capture Calibration and AutocalibrationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Ma

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyAutocalibration292 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.6 AutocalibrationAfter the Capture

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyAutocalibrationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 2933. Use the mouse to draw a line on the

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyFine-tuning for X-Y Calibration294 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.7 Fine-tuning for X

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyFine-tuning for X-Y CalibrationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 295Figure 15.7a Calibra

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyFine-tuning for X-Y Calibration296 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 15.7b Scanner

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyFine-tuning for X-Y CalibrationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 297Divide the known dista

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyFine-tuning for X-Y Calibration298 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BCalculation Method1. S

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibrating ZRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 29915.8 Calibrating ZIn terms of obtaining

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMSafety12 MultiMode SPM Installation Manual Rev. BSample SafeguardsCAUTION: Do not change samples

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibrating Z300 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 15.8a Z Calibration Image5. Ver

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibrating ZRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 301Figure 15.8b Draw a Stopband5. Click E

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibrating Z302 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B2. Go to the display screen and draw a c

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibrating ZRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 3037. Click QUIT to exit the Depth dialog b

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibrating Z304 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.8.6 Calculate Retracted and Extended

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibrating ZRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 30515.8.7 Finding a Pit with an “A” Scanner

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibration of “A” Scanners for Atomic-scale Measurement306 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibration of “A” Scanners for Atomic-scale MeasurementRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyCalibration of “A” Scanners for Atomic-scale Measurement308 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyQuick Guide to Piezo Tube CalibrationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 309Do not adjust th

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMMicroscope SpecificationsRev. B MultiMode SPM Installation Manual 131.3 Microscope SpecificationsTh

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyQuick Guide to Piezo Tube Calibration310 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B7. Reduce the sc

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyQuick Guide to Piezo Tube CalibrationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 3116. Adjust the X

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyQuick Guide to Piezo Tube Calibration312 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 15.10a

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyContact AFM TroubleshootingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 31315.11 Contact AFM Troubles

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyContact AFM Troubleshooting314 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Check the cabling betwee

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyContact AFM TroubleshootingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 31515.11.4 Head engages immed

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyContact AFM Troubleshooting316 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B(both of which are on the

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyContact AFM TroubleshootingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 317vertical drift is indicati

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyContact AFM Troubleshooting318 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BSelecting a large Scan siz

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyTappingMode AFM TroubleshootingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 31915.12 TappingMode AFM

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMMicroscope Specifications14 MultiMode SPM Installation Manual Rev. B• Magnetic Force Microscope (M

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyTappingMode AFM Troubleshooting320 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 15.12a Images

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyTappingMode AFM TroubleshootingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 32115.12.3 Rings around f

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyTappingMode AFM Troubleshooting322 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.12.4 Multiple or re

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyFluid Imaging TroubleshootingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 32315.12.5 Image goes white

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyAdjustment Screw Maintenance Procedure324 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Replace the O

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyAdjustment Screw Maintenance ProcedureRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 325Adjustment scre

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyAdjustment Screw Maintenance Procedure326 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.14.2 Remove

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyAdjustment Screw Maintenance ProcedureRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 3272. Use a swab s

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyFuse Replacement Procedure328 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.15 Fuse Replacement Proc

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyVertical Engagement Scanners—Installation, Use, and MaintenanceRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMMicroscope SpecificationsRev. B MultiMode SPM Installation Manual 151.3.3 Controller Electronics a

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyVertical Engagement Scanners—Installation, Use, and Maintenance330 MultiMode SPM Instruction Man

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyVertical Engagement Scanners—Installation, Use, and MaintenanceRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyTroubleshooting the Vertical Engagement Scanners332 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B15.17

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyWarrantyRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 33315.18 WarrantyAll new catalog-listed standard

Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and WarrantyWarranty334 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B Warranty EligibilityTo be eligible for the a

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 335 IndexSymbols. 218, 231AAdjustment Screwsmaintenance 324Aliasing 211Amplitude 118Atomic Force Microscope (A

Index336 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Badjustment 191—192, 192—197Force Modulation 204—212edge effects 210operating procedure 206—211principl

IndexRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 337sample safeguards 12voltage 7wiring 7, 8Other Controls 94PParametersshow 91, 105, 152Personal Injurysy

Index338 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Blaser hazard 5lifting hazard 5mechanical crushing hazard 5safety 5TTappingMode 103—203principles of 43

Introduction to the Digital Instruments MultiMode SPMMicroscope Specifications16 MultiMode SPM Installation Manual Rev. B

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 17Chapter 2 SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeThe following sections are covered in this chapter:• Hardware:

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardware18 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Reexamining the Control Loop: Section 2.4.1• General Description

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardwareRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 192.1.1 MultiMode SPMThe heart of the system is the SPM itself, show

4 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B 2.5 Review of TappingMode AFM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 2.5.1 G

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardware20 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B2.1.2 SPM HeadFigure 2.1c below shows a MM-SPM head with various a

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardwareRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 21Figure 2.1d Quad Photodetector Arrangement2.1.3 ScannersFigure 2

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardware22 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BBecause each scanner exhibits its own unique piezo properties, eac

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardwareRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 23AC voltages applied to the scanner crystal X-Y axes produce a rast

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardware24 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B2.1.4 TipholdersThe sample and mode of SPM to be performed dictate

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardwareRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 252.1.5 ProbesProbes come in a variety of sizes, shapes and material

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardware26 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BCantilevered ProbesMost SPM work is done using cantilevered probes

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeHardwareRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 27Cantilevered Probes—MFMAnother variation of the TappingMode tip is

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeControl Mechanisms and Feedback28 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B2.2 Control Mechanisms and FeedbackTo produ

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeControl Mechanisms and FeedbackRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 29an electronic image. The main disadvantage

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 5 6.4 Beyond the Basics of AFM Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 6.4.1 Can

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeFeedback Gains30 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B2.3 Feedback GainsThe feedback system used to control tip-sa

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeFeedback GainsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 312.3.2 Proportional GainProportional gain means that somethin

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeFeedback Gains32 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B2.3.3 Integral GainIntegral gain is used to correct the cumu

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeFeedback GainsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 332.3.6 SetpointIn our ballooning example, “setpoint” referred

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeFeedback Gains34 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Bpermitted non-conducting surfaces to be imaged. Tunneling cu

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeFeedback GainsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 35a similar trace of an irregular, random surface would reveal

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeFeedback Gains36 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Bwhere is the new average error calculated by adding the ol

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeControl Parameters and FeedbackRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 37To better understand what is being viewed w

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeControl Parameters and Feedback38 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Bcomparator circuit through an analog-to-dig

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeControl Parameters and FeedbackRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 39computer to think that the SPM output is fu

6 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B8.4 Troubleshooting Tips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1388.

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeControl Parameters and Feedback40 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B3. The Vertical Deflection (A-B) voltage di

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeControl Parameters and FeedbackRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 41Figure 2.4a Contact AFM Concepts (Steps 1

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeControl Parameters and Feedback42 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. Bindication of a good engagement is a distin

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeReview of TappingMode AFMRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 432.5 Review of TappingMode AFM2.5.1 General Operat

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeReview of TappingMode AFM44 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 2.5a TappingMode AFM ConceptsFigure 2.5a

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiMode Review of TappingMode AFMRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 45 2.5.2 Optimizing the TappingMode AFM Signal af

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiMode Terms and Abbreviations46 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B 2.6 Terms and Abbreviations This section contain

SPM Fundamentals for the MultiModeTerms and AbbreviationsRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 47/(46 Blank)integral gain—Amount of correction appli

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 49Chapter 3 Setup & InstallationThe following sections describe the setup and installation of your Multi

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 710.2.4 Understanding the Color Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1711

Setup & InstallationComponent List50 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B• Vibration isolation pad• Scanner calibration reference: XYZ, 10µm x

Setup & InstallationComponent ListRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 513.2.1 Unpack The SystemThe NanoScope system is normally shipped in five

Setup & InstallationComponent List52 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 3.2c Hardware Setup3. Remove the remaining components and loc

Setup & InstallationComponent ListRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 532. Connect computer cables (monitors, keyboard, mouse and controller)

Setup & InstallationComponent List54 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B4. The SPM is connected to the front of the controller with the 37-pin

Setup & InstallationComponent ListRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 55Figure 3.2f Installing the Head7. Recheck all cable connections. Rev

Setup & InstallationComponent List56 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B3.2.3 System Power UpPrepare the System for Power-up1. Verify that the

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 57Chapter 4 Cantilever PreparationThe MultiMode microscope comes furnished with etched silicon cantilever su

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Cantilever Substrates58 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B3. It may be convenient to break several substrates from

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Cantilever SubstratesRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 594.1.1 Tip Shape of Etched Silicon ProbesEtched silicon pr

8 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B12.5 Use of LiftMode with TappingMode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22212.5.1 Main Dr

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Cantilever Substrates60 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 4.1c Silicon Probe Tip Profile Artifact (front to

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Cantilever SubstratesRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 61Figure 4.1d Silicon Probe Tip Step Profile Artifact (sid

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Cantilever Substrates62 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 4.1e Silicon Probe—Common Shape ArtifactDue to t

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Cantilever SubstratesRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 63Figure 4.1f Common Silicon Probe Profile—Resultant Scan

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Nitride Cantilever Substrates64 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B4.2 Silicon Nitride Cantilever SubstratesThe sili

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Nitride Cantilever SubstratesRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 65Figure 4.2b Substrate Break-OffExtra substrates

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Nitride Cantilever Substrates66 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B4.2.1 Tip Shape of Silicon Nitride ProbesSilicon

Cantilever PreparationSilicon Nitride Cantilever SubstratesRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 67/(66 Blank)Figure 4.2e Silicon Nitride Cantilev

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 69Chapter 5 Head, Probe and Sample PreparationThis chapter provides instructions for head, probe and sample

Rev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 9Chapter 15 Calibration, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and Warranty 27115.1 SPM Calibration Overview . . . .

Head, Probe and Sample Preparation70 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BOther chapters in this manual describe how to perform specific types of ima

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 71WARNING: During and prior to set up of the laser, it is especially importa

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationInitial Preparation for Contact AFM Imaging72 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B5.1 Initial Preparation for Con

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationInitial Preparation for Contact AFM ImagingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 735.1.2 Load the SampleRemove Hea

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationInitial Preparation for Contact AFM Imaging74 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 5.1c Head is Held Secu

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationInitial Preparation for Contact AFM ImagingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 755.1.3 Load Probe in Tipholder•

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationInitial Preparation for Contact AFM Imaging76 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. BFigure 5.1f Underside Detail

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationInitial Preparation for Contact AFM ImagingRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 775.1.4 Install the TipholderFigu

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationLaser Alignment78 MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual Rev. B5.2 Laser AlignmentThis section describes two methods for a

Head, Probe and Sample PreparationLaser AlignmentRev. B MultiMode SPM Instruction Manual 79Figure 5.2a Laser Alignment with Piece of Paper4. Reposit